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In this article, Blog Kiến Thức Tổng Hợp Nông Nghệp would like to share with you details about carnation From characteristics and meaning to how to properly plant and care for plants to grow well with organic fertilizers such as earthworm compost, organic chicken manure, composted cow manure, etc. Watch now!
Origin of carnations
Carnations originate from Europe, mainly the Mediterranean region, and were introduced to Vietnam in the first half of the 20th century. Carnations have many other names such as Phanga flower, Bamboo flower, Velvet arrow flower. , passionflower.
Since ancient Greek and Roman times, carnations have been the most popular. This flower was first introduced in the United States in a shipment of flowers from France in 1852. The red carnation is the national flower of Spain and Monaco.
Characteristics of carnations
Carnations are herbaceous plants, perennial, with short, easily broken stems, 20 – 50 cm tall. The leaves are elongated, slender, gray-green to blue in color. The leaves and stems are covered with a thin layer of white powder to help reduce transpiration and prevent pests.
Carnations grow single or in clusters of 2 – 5 flowers, flower diameter 3 – 5 cm and sweet fragrance. The flowering season is in spring, summer and lasts until winter if the weather is not too cold.
Characteristics of carnations
Classification of carnations
Garden carnation
This is a multi-year type, divided into two sub-types: garden carnations and flower shop carnations. Carnations along the basin are 30-35cm tall, grow in bushes, and flower size is 3-5cm. Flower shop carnations have a plant height of up to 1m, prefer cool climates, have fragrant flowers and come in many different colors such as pink, orange, purple, yellow…
Carnation Rose bowl (rose bowl species)
Also a perennial plant, the flowers are pink and very fragrant, the flower size is about 1.5cm and the plant height is 15cm. In particular, this type of flower blooms all year round.
Rock pink carnation (rock pink species)
This type is the smallest in size and has strong vitality, bush-like stem, grows in clusters, suitable for growing in home gardens. The flowers are crimson red and the flower size is about 2-3cm.
Sweet William Carnation
This type has a sturdy stem, a plant height of 20-25cm, flowers grow in clusters and have a light fragrance, flower colors are diverse such as red, white, purple,… this variety is often planted in early spring and flowers are added. summer.
In addition, carnations are also classified into single-petal carnations and double-petal carnations with a variety of colors.
Meaning of carnations
Original color carnation
Express agreement and respond to the other person’s feelings.
Pink carnation
Show respect, care, and deep gratitude to the person receiving the flowers. This is the flower color used a lot on Mother’s Day, a symbol of altruism and boundless tolerance.
Red carnation
The red color of the flower shows respect and admiration for the person receiving the flower.
Dark red carnation
In contrast to red, dark red represents pain in love.
Purple carnation
Purple is gentle but symbolizes a girl’s uneasiness, sunshine and rain.
Yellow carnation
Disappointment, regret, rejection are what yellow carnations represent.
White carnation
White is the color of purity and innocence, expressing the sweetness and sophistication of a woman and bringing luck.
Carnations have stripes and stripes
This unique flower color represents rejection and rejection of the other person’s feelings.
External conditions of carnations
– Land: Carnations prefer light, loose, humus-rich soil that retains moisture and has good drainage, with a pH of 6 – 7.
– Temperature: Suitable temperature is from 18 – 25 degrees. If this optimal threshold is exceeded, plant growth will be inhibited, flower quality will be poor, flower color will not be beautiful…
– Humidity: Appropriate humidity is 60 – 70%, stable humidity creates favorable conditions for plants to absorb nutrients, and plants grow better.
– Light: Appropriate light intensity is from 1500 – 11000 lux. During the process of flower bud differentiation, if the light intensity is >11,000 lux, the plant will flower early, if
– Nutrition: If lacking nutrients, the plant will be stunted, have small flowers and be susceptible to pest attacks.
External conditions of carnations
Prepare to plant carnations in pots
Planting time
The appropriate season to grow carnations is fall (late August) or spring (mid and late March). Carnations will root quickly, grow best in these two seasons and are sturdy enough to survive the winter.
Like carnations
Currently, on the market there are many varieties of carnations from tall stems to short stems, single flowers and double flowers. Choosing carnation varieties to grow depends on each person’s preferences. Depending on each variety, there will be different germination speeds and flowering times. Buying seeds from reputable establishments ensures disease-free seeds and a high germination rate.
Planting land
Carnations prefer loose, nutritious, well-drained and moisture-retaining soil. You can refer to the mixed media formula including clean soil, earthworm compost, coco peat and smoked rice husk with a ratio of 3:3:2:2. In addition, you can use Blog Kiến Thức Tổng Hợp Nông Nghệp soil for growing ornamental flowers, specialized for ornamental flowers with full nutrition but extremely convenient and fast.
Planting pots
Choose to plant carnations in plastic pots because they are cheap and easy to move to the location you want. Can be planted in any type of pot that requires drainage holes in the bottom, about 20 – 30 cm in diameter is appropriate.
Planting location
Carnation is a light-loving plant, light directly affects the photosynthesis process and flowering time of the plant. To ensure the plant grows well, place the plant in a place with 6 – 8 hours of light per day.
How to grow carnations in pots with many flowers
Growing carnations from seedlings
Carnation seedlings can be purchased directly at nurseries, cut by cuttings or planted with seeds. Growing carnations from seedlings will shorten the nursery period while ensuring the plants are disease-free.
Choose seedlings with good roots, about 2 – 3 cm long, to plant. Put the mixed substrate 3 – 5 cm from the pot’s mouth, place the seedlings in the surrounding substrate, gently press the root to stand firmly.
Growing carnations from seeds
Carnation seeds are quite small so they can be sown directly into pots, then covered with a thin layer of soil and watered with mist to keep them moist. After 4-6 days, the seeds will germinate. About 25 – 30 days after the seedlings are strong (5 – 7 cm tall), they are separated and planted in separate pots. In order for the plant to branch well and produce many flowers, it is most appropriate to plant one plant per pot.
How to care for carnations after planting
Watering
Newly planted plants in pots need to be watered twice a day in the first 10 days, early in the morning and late in the afternoon. Maintaining substrate humidity at about 70 – 80% helps anise plants green and take root quickly.
Then reduce watering to 1-2 times/day, watering in the morning to limit fungal growth. On hot days, combine watering and spraying on the leaves to cool the plant.
Fertilize
In order for carnations to grow well, 15 days after planting, supplement the plant with nutrients. Use organic fertilizers such as vermicompost pellets, goat manure… and combine with spraying NPK fertilizer with high nitrogen content periodically every 7-10 days for good growth.
During the flowering stage, add fertilizer with high levels of Phosphorus and Potassium to make the flowers bloom large, dark in color and long lasting.
Press the tops and trim the buds
When the seedlings are 4 weeks old, pinch the tops for the first time to let the plants produce side branches, retaining 5-6 pairs of leaves. You should water it first so that the tips are crispy and easy to press. After 2 days of pressing, water the wound so that it dries and avoids infection. Week 8 – 9, pinch the tops a second time for 1 – 2 largest buds, leaving only 2 pairs of leaves.
Single carnations should be pruned off the secondary flower buds so that the main flower buds have enough nutrition to develop.
How to grow carnations in pots with many flowers
Preventing pests and diseases of carnations
– Charcoal spots: dry yellow spots appear on the leaf tips and then spread out, with black dots on the spots, which are discs of fungal spores.
Measures: Increase garden hygiene, remove and destroy diseased leaves, and spray pesticides during disease outbreak season according to recommended dosages.
– Dry leaves: The leaf tips dry yellow, then spread to 1/3 – 2/3 of the leaf, with black dots on the spots, which are spore shells.
Measures: Timely harvest and destroy diseased leaves, spray pesticides according to recommended dosage.
– Withered: Stems and leaves wither and gradually turn yellow or brown and dry. The stem close to the base dries, turns black and rots, then the tree dies completely.
Measures: Use disease-free seedlings from the nursery, regularly weed and destroy diseased plants, and reasonable planting density.
– Deep soilNewly hatched worms gnaw on leaf epidermis, and large worms bite off the roots of seedlings.
Measures: catch by hand or make sweet and sour bait traps to kill adult worms.
– Green worm: destroy young leaves, young tops, buds and flowers, large worms bore into buds, eat the buds and flowers. Lays eggs on both sides of young leaves, flower buds, sepals and flowers.
Measures: Remove the eggs, cut off and destroy the parts damaged by armyworms.
Breeding carnations
Sow seeds
Carnation seeds are very small, located inside the fruit, each fruit contains 300 – 600 seeds. Choose to harvest fruit from main-season flowering plants that are healthy, pest-free, and have large and beautiful flowers. Before sowing, seeds are soaked in warm water at 28 – 30 degrees for 4 – 6 hours. Then, soak in KMnO4 solution to kill fungal diseases on the surface of the seeds.
Cuttings
Planting carnations with branches will help control the number of seedlings, and the seedlings will retain the characteristics of the mother plant and flower faster. The cutting process includes 4 steps:
– Step 1: Prepare a medium for cuttings. The best medium for cuttings is smoked rice husk placed in a tray.
– Step 2: Choose a healthy mother plant, no pests, cuttings not too old or too young, 8 – 10cm long, with 6 – 8 leaves.
– Step 3: Use a sharp, sterilized knife to cut the cuttings horizontally and soak them in rooting stimulant for 30 – 45 minutes.
– Step 4: Insert the branch vertically into the tray, about 2 – 3 cm deep.
During the first 7 – 10 days, water 3 – 5 times/day, the substrate humidity reaches 90%. Then gradually reduce to 2-3 times/day.
After 25 – 35 days, the cuttings have rooted well and can be planted in pots.
How to arrange beautiful carnations
How long can a flower play with protection?
Usually lasts 1 to 2 weeks if properly cared for. To keep flowers for a long time, you need to choose fresh flowers, trim the roots and put them in clean water. You should change the water regularly and place the vase in a cool place, away from direct sunlight.
Adding some moisturizers or flower preservatives to the water also helps flowers stay fresh longer. With careful care, the flower will always be brilliant and fragrant for a long time.
What does carnation mean on November 20?
Carnations have many profound meanings, especially on November 20 – Vietnamese Teachers’ Day. This flower symbolizes respect, gratitude and love for teachers.
Red carnations are often used to express deep respect and gratitude, while pink carnations represent gentle gratitude and sincere affection. Therefore, carnations are a meaningful and suitable gift to give to teachers on November 20.
Where are poppy flowers grown?
Carnations are often grown in many parts of the world, from Europe to Asia and even in Vietnam. This flower is suitable for cool to temperate climates, but can also be grown in greenhouses or warm climates.
The plant grows well in loose, nutritious soil and needs moderate light to bloom beautifully. You can grow carnations in your garden, balcony, terrace or as cut flowers.
How to arrange beautiful carnations
Blog Kiến Thức Tổng Hợp Nông Nghệp has shared with you details about carnations. Hopefully this article will help you during the process of planting and caring for plants so they grow well. For more great tips on growing plants, follow Blog Kiến Thức Tổng Hợp Nông Nghệp Blog now!
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